# Clean Air Metals Announces 2026 Strategic Objectives in Historically Strong PGE and Copper Markets Canonical Atlas analysis: https://atlas-extractions.minestarters.com/news/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge--d650003d-bf2d-4363-b1f4-474f3fd203f3 Original source: https://money.tmx.com/en/quote/AIR/news/6281312665813732/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge- Publisher: tmx Original announcement: 2026-01-13T00:10:00.000Z Analysis by Minestarters Atlas Atlas analysis published: Unknown date Atlas analysis updated: Unknown date - Company: Clean Air Metals Inc. - Ticker: AIR - Exchange: TSX - Region: Northwestern Ontario - Primary commodity: Platinum - Secondary commodities: Palladium, Copper, Nickel - Document categories: Resource update, Other - Extracted: 2026-09-13 11:16:02 UTC Narrative sentiment: 0.80 · Bullish ## Minestarters Atlas summary Clean Air Metals has outlined its 2026 strategic objectives, focusing on advancing the Thunder Bay North project through metallurgical testing, permitting, and exploration. The company notes a significant uplift in project NPV and IRR due to recent increases in platinum, palladium, and copper spot prices compared to PEA study prices. Reasoning: The company is highlighting improved project economics driven by metal price appreciation and outlining a clear path for 2026, though the resource figures themselves are a recent restatement. - Positive factor: Significant improvement in project NPV and IRR due to higher spot metal prices - Positive factor: Strong indicated resource grade for PGE and copper - Positive factor: Clear strategic objectives for 2026 including metallurgical testing and permitting - Negative factor: Resource update is a restatement of November 2025 results \(low novelty\) Facts used in scoring: 8 ## Classification and evidence **Resource Update** Polarity: neutral Definition: Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress. Why it applies: The document provides an overview of the current resource status and strategic objectives following the November 2025 update. Evidence · text > The Thunder Bay North project updated resource was released in November 2025 **NI 43-101 Compliant** Polarity: positive Definition: Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 \(Canada\) — high reporting standard. Why it applies: The resource is stated to be based on a NI 43-101 PEA Technical Report. Evidence · text > NI 43-101 PEA Technical Report, Thunder Bay North Project, Ontario, Canada ## Extracted facts Stored fact records: 8. Some facts used in scoring do not have a stored record. ## Resource Estimates (8) ### indicated [Link to this fact](https://atlas-extractions.minestarters.com/news/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge--d650003d-bf2d-4363-b1f4-474f3fd203f3#fact-resource-facts-0) Thunder Bay North · platinum Historical result Needs review: historical\_restatement #### Identity - Project: Thunder Bay North - Commodity: platinum - Region: canada\_on - Reported Region: Northwestern Ontario - Ticker: AIR #### Resource scope - Estimate type: resource - Reporting standards: ni\_43\_101 - QP Signed: Yes - Qualified person names: Dr. Lionnel Djon - Resource group id: resource:bf3dd89121e9862701fa - Deposit or zone: Thunder Bay North #### Resource Data - Category: indicated - Tonnes: 14900000 - Grade: 1.33 - Grade Unit: g/t #### Prior Estimate - Resource Date: 2025-11-24 #### Review - Needs Review: Yes - Review Reason: historical\_restatement - Historical: Yes - Historical Source Date: 2025-11-24T00:00:00.000Z #### Dates - Event date: 2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z Reasoning: Indicated grade for the Pt component of the 2PGE is strong, but this is a restatement of the November 24 release. - Positive factor: Strong indicated resource grade - Negative factor: Restatement of November 2025 results Evidence · text > 14.9M tonne indicated resource grading 2.66 g/t 2PGE \(Pt+Pd\), 0.40% Cu and 0.24% Ni #### Tags used in scoring **Indicated Resource** Polarity: positive Definition: Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves. Why it applies: category is "indicated" **Cut-off Undisclosed** Polarity: negative Definition: High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing. Why it applies: no cutoff\_grade was stated **QP/CP Signed** Polarity: positive Definition: Qualified Person \(QP\) or Competent Person \(CP\) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association \(e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo\) with relevant experience. Why it applies: qp\_signed is true **NI 43-101 Compliant** Polarity: positive Definition: Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 \(Canada\) — high reporting standard. Why it applies: reporting\_standards includes ni\_43\_101 **No Contained Metal** Polarity: negative Definition: Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting. Why it applies: contained\_metal was not reported **Resource Update** Polarity: neutral Definition: Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress. Why it applies: the release compares against a previous estimate **PEA-Supporting** Polarity: neutral Definition: Resource estimate prepared to support a Preliminary Economic Assessment — early-stage study. Why it applies: the release names the study this estimate supports ### indicated [Link to this fact](https://atlas-extractions.minestarters.com/news/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge--d650003d-bf2d-4363-b1f4-474f3fd203f3#fact-resource-facts-1) Thunder Bay North · palladium Historical result Needs review: historical\_restatement #### Identity - Project: Thunder Bay North - Commodity: palladium - Region: canada\_on - Reported Region: Northwestern Ontario - Ticker: AIR #### Resource scope - Estimate type: resource - Reporting standards: ni\_43\_101 - QP Signed: Yes - Qualified person names: Dr. Lionnel Djon - Resource group id: resource:bf3dd89121e9862701fa - Deposit or zone: Thunder Bay North #### Resource Data - Category: indicated - Tonnes: 14900000 - Grade: 1.33 - Grade Unit: g/t #### Prior Estimate - Resource Date: 2025-11-24 #### Review - Needs Review: Yes - Review Reason: historical\_restatement - Historical: Yes - Historical Source Date: 2025-11-24T00:00:00.000Z #### Dates - Event date: 2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z Reasoning: Indicated grade for the Pd component of the 2PGE is strong, but this is a restatement of the November 24 release. - Positive factor: Strong indicated resource grade - Negative factor: Restatement of November 2025 results Evidence · text > 14.9M tonne indicated resource grading 2.66 g/t 2PGE \(Pt+Pd\), 0.40% Cu and 0.24% Ni #### Tags used in scoring **Indicated Resource** Polarity: positive Definition: Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves. Why it applies: category is "indicated" **Cut-off Undisclosed** Polarity: negative Definition: High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing. Why it applies: no cutoff\_grade was stated **QP/CP Signed** Polarity: positive Definition: Qualified Person \(QP\) or Competent Person \(CP\) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association \(e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo\) with relevant experience. Why it applies: qp\_signed is true **NI 43-101 Compliant** Polarity: positive Definition: Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 \(Canada\) — high reporting standard. Why it applies: reporting\_standards includes ni\_43\_101 **No Contained Metal** Polarity: negative Definition: Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting. Why it applies: contained\_metal was not reported **Resource Update** Polarity: neutral Definition: Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress. Why it applies: the release compares against a previous estimate **PEA-Supporting** Polarity: neutral Definition: Resource estimate prepared to support a Preliminary Economic Assessment — early-stage study. Why it applies: the release names the study this estimate supports ### indicated [Link to this fact](https://atlas-extractions.minestarters.com/news/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge--d650003d-bf2d-4363-b1f4-474f3fd203f3#fact-resource-facts-2) Thunder Bay North · copper Historical result Needs review: historical\_restatement #### Identity - Project: Thunder Bay North - Commodity: copper - Region: canada\_on - Reported Region: Northwestern Ontario - Ticker: AIR #### Resource scope - Estimate type: resource - Reporting standards: ni\_43\_101 - QP Signed: Yes - Qualified person names: Dr. Lionnel Djon - Resource group id: resource:bf3dd89121e9862701fa - Deposit or zone: Thunder Bay North #### Resource Data - Category: indicated - Tonnes: 14900000 - Grade: 0.4 - Grade Unit: % #### Prior Estimate - Resource Date: 2025-11-24 #### Review - Needs Review: Yes - Review Reason: historical\_restatement - Historical: Yes - Historical Source Date: 2025-11-24T00:00:00.000Z #### Dates - Event date: 2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z Reasoning: Indicated copper grade is solid, but this is a restatement of the November 24 release. - Positive factor: Solid copper grade in indicated resource - Negative factor: Restatement of November 2025 results Evidence · text > 14.9M tonne indicated resource grading 2.66 g/t 2PGE \(Pt+Pd\), 0.40% Cu and 0.24% Ni #### Tags used in scoring **Indicated Resource** Polarity: positive Definition: Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves. Why it applies: category is "indicated" **Cut-off Undisclosed** Polarity: negative Definition: High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing. Why it applies: no cutoff\_grade was stated **QP/CP Signed** Polarity: positive Definition: Qualified Person \(QP\) or Competent Person \(CP\) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association \(e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo\) with relevant experience. Why it applies: qp\_signed is true **NI 43-101 Compliant** Polarity: positive Definition: Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 \(Canada\) — high reporting standard. Why it applies: reporting\_standards includes ni\_43\_101 **No Contained Metal** Polarity: negative Definition: Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting. Why it applies: contained\_metal was not reported **Resource Update** Polarity: neutral Definition: Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress. Why it applies: the release compares against a previous estimate **PEA-Supporting** Polarity: neutral Definition: Resource estimate prepared to support a Preliminary Economic Assessment — early-stage study. Why it applies: the release names the study this estimate supports ### indicated [Link to this fact](https://atlas-extractions.minestarters.com/news/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge--d650003d-bf2d-4363-b1f4-474f3fd203f3#fact-resource-facts-3) Thunder Bay North · nickel Historical result Needs review: historical\_restatement #### Identity - Project: Thunder Bay North - Commodity: nickel - Region: canada\_on - Reported Region: Northwestern Ontario - Ticker: AIR #### Resource scope - Estimate type: resource - Reporting standards: ni\_43\_101 - QP Signed: Yes - Qualified person names: Dr. Lionnel Djon - Resource group id: resource:bf3dd89121e9862701fa - Deposit or zone: Thunder Bay North #### Resource Data - Category: indicated - Tonnes: 14900000 - Grade: 0.24 - Grade Unit: % #### Prior Estimate - Resource Date: 2025-11-24 #### Review - Needs Review: Yes - Review Reason: historical\_restatement - Historical: Yes - Historical Source Date: 2025-11-24T00:00:00.000Z #### Dates - Event date: 2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z Reasoning: Nickel is present in the indicated resource, but this is a restatement of the November 24 release. - Positive factor: Nickel present in indicated resource - Negative factor: Restatement of November 2025 results Evidence · text > 14.9M tonne indicated resource grading 2.66 g/t 2PGE \(Pt+Pd\), 0.40% Cu and 0.24% Ni #### Tags used in scoring **Indicated Resource** Polarity: positive Definition: Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves. Why it applies: category is "indicated" **Cut-off Undisclosed** Polarity: negative Definition: High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing. Why it applies: no cutoff\_grade was stated **QP/CP Signed** Polarity: positive Definition: Qualified Person \(QP\) or Competent Person \(CP\) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association \(e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo\) with relevant experience. Why it applies: qp\_signed is true **NI 43-101 Compliant** Polarity: positive Definition: Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 \(Canada\) — high reporting standard. Why it applies: reporting\_standards includes ni\_43\_101 **No Contained Metal** Polarity: negative Definition: Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting. Why it applies: contained\_metal was not reported **Resource Update** Polarity: neutral Definition: Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress. Why it applies: the release compares against a previous estimate **PEA-Supporting** Polarity: neutral Definition: Resource estimate prepared to support a Preliminary Economic Assessment — early-stage study. Why it applies: the release names the study this estimate supports ### inferred [Link to this fact](https://atlas-extractions.minestarters.com/news/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge--d650003d-bf2d-4363-b1f4-474f3fd203f3#fact-resource-facts-4) Thunder Bay North · platinum Historical result Needs review: historical\_restatement #### Identity - Project: Thunder Bay North - Commodity: platinum - Region: canada\_on - Reported Region: Northwestern Ontario - Ticker: AIR #### Resource scope - Estimate type: resource - Reporting standards: ni\_43\_101 - QP Signed: Yes - Qualified person names: Dr. Lionnel Djon - Resource group id: resource:acb1d6d43297665a8686 - Deposit or zone: Thunder Bay North #### Resource Data - Category: inferred - Tonnes: 2490000 - Grade: 0.81 - Grade Unit: g/t #### Prior Estimate - Resource Date: 2025-11-24 #### Review - Needs Review: Yes - Review Reason: historical\_restatement - Historical: Yes - Historical Source Date: 2025-11-24T00:00:00.000Z #### Dates - Event date: 2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z Reasoning: Inferred grade for Pt is lower than indicated, and this is a restatement. - Positive factor: Inferred resource provides upside potential - Negative factor: Inferred category is speculative - Negative factor: Restatement of November 2025 results Evidence · text > 2.49M tonnes of inferred resource grading 1.62 g/t 2PGE \(Pt+Pd\), 0.31% Cu and 0.19% Ni #### Tags used in scoring **Inferred Resource** Polarity: negative Definition: Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone. Why it applies: category is "inferred" **Cut-off Undisclosed** Polarity: negative Definition: High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing. Why it applies: no cutoff\_grade was stated **QP/CP Signed** Polarity: positive Definition: Qualified Person \(QP\) or Competent Person \(CP\) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association \(e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo\) with relevant experience. Why it applies: qp\_signed is true **NI 43-101 Compliant** Polarity: positive Definition: Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 \(Canada\) — high reporting standard. Why it applies: reporting\_standards includes ni\_43\_101 **No Contained Metal** Polarity: negative Definition: Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting. Why it applies: contained\_metal was not reported **Resource Update** Polarity: neutral Definition: Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress. Why it applies: the release compares against a previous estimate **PEA-Supporting** Polarity: neutral Definition: Resource estimate prepared to support a Preliminary Economic Assessment — early-stage study. Why it applies: the release names the study this estimate supports ### inferred [Link to this fact](https://atlas-extractions.minestarters.com/news/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge--d650003d-bf2d-4363-b1f4-474f3fd203f3#fact-resource-facts-5) Thunder Bay North · palladium Historical result Needs review: historical\_restatement #### Identity - Project: Thunder Bay North - Commodity: palladium - Region: canada\_on - Reported Region: Northwestern Ontario - Ticker: AIR #### Resource scope - Estimate type: resource - Reporting standards: ni\_43\_101 - QP Signed: Yes - Qualified person names: Dr. Lionnel Djon - Resource group id: resource:acb1d6d43297665a8686 - Deposit or zone: Thunder Bay North #### Resource Data - Category: inferred - Tonnes: 2490000 - Grade: 0.81 - Grade Unit: g/t #### Prior Estimate - Resource Date: 2025-11-24 #### Review - Needs Review: Yes - Review Reason: historical\_restatement - Historical: Yes - Historical Source Date: 2025-11-24T00:00:00.000Z #### Dates - Event date: 2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z Reasoning: Inferred grade for Pd is lower than indicated, and this is a restatement. - Positive factor: Inferred resource provides upside potential - Negative factor: Inferred category is speculative - Negative factor: Restatement of November 2025 results Evidence · text > 2.49M tonnes of inferred resource grading 1.62 g/t 2PGE \(Pt+Pd\), 0.31% Cu and 0.19% Ni #### Tags used in scoring **Inferred Resource** Polarity: negative Definition: Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone. Why it applies: category is "inferred" **Cut-off Undisclosed** Polarity: negative Definition: High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing. Why it applies: no cutoff\_grade was stated **QP/CP Signed** Polarity: positive Definition: Qualified Person \(QP\) or Competent Person \(CP\) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association \(e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo\) with relevant experience. Why it applies: qp\_signed is true **NI 43-101 Compliant** Polarity: positive Definition: Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 \(Canada\) — high reporting standard. Why it applies: reporting\_standards includes ni\_43\_101 **No Contained Metal** Polarity: negative Definition: Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting. Why it applies: contained\_metal was not reported **Resource Update** Polarity: neutral Definition: Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress. Why it applies: the release compares against a previous estimate **PEA-Supporting** Polarity: neutral Definition: Resource estimate prepared to support a Preliminary Economic Assessment — early-stage study. Why it applies: the release names the study this estimate supports ### inferred [Link to this fact](https://atlas-extractions.minestarters.com/news/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge--d650003d-bf2d-4363-b1f4-474f3fd203f3#fact-resource-facts-6) Thunder Bay North · copper Historical result Needs review: historical\_restatement #### Identity - Project: Thunder Bay North - Commodity: copper - Region: canada\_on - Reported Region: Northwestern Ontario - Ticker: AIR #### Resource scope - Estimate type: resource - Reporting standards: ni\_43\_101 - QP Signed: Yes - Qualified person names: Dr. Lionnel Djon - Resource group id: resource:acb1d6d43297665a8686 - Deposit or zone: Thunder Bay North #### Resource Data - Category: inferred - Tonnes: 2490000 - Grade: 0.31 - Grade Unit: % #### Prior Estimate - Resource Date: 2025-11-24 #### Review - Needs Review: Yes - Review Reason: historical\_restatement - Historical: Yes - Historical Source Date: 2025-11-24T00:00:00.000Z #### Dates - Event date: 2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z Reasoning: Inferred copper grade is lower than indicated, and this is a restatement. - Positive factor: Copper present in inferred resource - Negative factor: Inferred category is speculative - Negative factor: Restatement of November 2025 results Evidence · text > 2.49M tonnes of inferred resource grading 1.62 g/t 2PGE \(Pt+Pd\), 0.31% Cu and 0.19% Ni #### Tags used in scoring **Inferred Resource** Polarity: negative Definition: Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone. Why it applies: category is "inferred" **Cut-off Undisclosed** Polarity: negative Definition: High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing. Why it applies: no cutoff\_grade was stated **QP/CP Signed** Polarity: positive Definition: Qualified Person \(QP\) or Competent Person \(CP\) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association \(e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo\) with relevant experience. Why it applies: qp\_signed is true **NI 43-101 Compliant** Polarity: positive Definition: Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 \(Canada\) — high reporting standard. Why it applies: reporting\_standards includes ni\_43\_101 **No Contained Metal** Polarity: negative Definition: Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting. Why it applies: contained\_metal was not reported **Resource Update** Polarity: neutral Definition: Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress. Why it applies: the release compares against a previous estimate **PEA-Supporting** Polarity: neutral Definition: Resource estimate prepared to support a Preliminary Economic Assessment — early-stage study. Why it applies: the release names the study this estimate supports ### inferred [Link to this fact](https://atlas-extractions.minestarters.com/news/clean-air-metals-announces-2026-strategic-objectives-in-historically-strong-pge--d650003d-bf2d-4363-b1f4-474f3fd203f3#fact-resource-facts-7) Thunder Bay North · nickel Historical result Needs review: historical\_restatement #### Identity - Project: Thunder Bay North - Commodity: nickel - Region: canada\_on - Reported Region: Northwestern Ontario - Ticker: AIR #### Resource scope - Estimate type: resource - Reporting standards: ni\_43\_101 - QP Signed: Yes - Qualified person names: Dr. Lionnel Djon - Resource group id: resource:acb1d6d43297665a8686 - Deposit or zone: Thunder Bay North #### Resource Data - Category: inferred - Tonnes: 2490000 - Grade: 0.19 - Grade Unit: % #### Prior Estimate - Resource Date: 2025-11-24 #### Review - Needs Review: Yes - Review Reason: historical\_restatement - Historical: Yes - Historical Source Date: 2025-11-24T00:00:00.000Z #### Dates - Event date: 2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z Reasoning: Nickel is present in the inferred resource, but this is a restatement of the November 24 release. - Positive factor: Nickel present in inferred resource - Negative factor: Inferred category is speculative - Negative factor: Restatement of November 2025 results Evidence · text > 2.49M tonnes of inferred resource grading 1.62 g/t 2PGE \(Pt+Pd\), 0.31% Cu and 0.19% Ni #### Tags used in scoring **Inferred Resource** Polarity: negative Definition: Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone. Why it applies: category is "inferred" **Cut-off Undisclosed** Polarity: negative Definition: High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing. Why it applies: no cutoff\_grade was stated **QP/CP Signed** Polarity: positive Definition: Qualified Person \(QP\) or Competent Person \(CP\) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association \(e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo\) with relevant experience. Why it applies: qp\_signed is true **NI 43-101 Compliant** Polarity: positive Definition: Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 \(Canada\) — high reporting standard. Why it applies: reporting\_standards includes ni\_43\_101 **No Contained Metal** Polarity: negative Definition: Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting. Why it applies: contained\_metal was not reported **Resource Update** Polarity: neutral Definition: Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress. Why it applies: the release compares against a previous estimate **PEA-Supporting** Polarity: neutral Definition: Resource estimate prepared to support a Preliminary Economic Assessment — early-stage study. Why it applies: the release names the study this estimate supports ## How Atlas produces this analysis Minestarters Atlas uses automated extraction to summarize mining announcements, identify reported measurements, and classify supporting evidence. Sentiment reflects the extracted narrative and classification rules; it is an interpretation, not a reported measurement. Evidence quotes and context are provided where available. Missing data, low-confidence results, and review flags indicate limitations. Check the original publisher announcement before relying on an interpretation.