Sandfire Resources America Announces Results of Updated Pre-Feasibility Study for the Johnny Lee Deposit and Updated Mineral Resource for the Lowry Deposit at the Black Butte Copper Project

Original announcement by tmx on

Company
Sandfire Resources America Inc.
Ticker
SFR
Exchange
TSX
Region
Montana, USA
Primary commodity
Copper
Secondary commodities
None reported
Document categories
Resource update, Metallurgy
Extracted
2026-09-14 23:03:24 UTC

Analysis by Minestarters Atlas

Minestarters Atlas analysis

Summary

Sandfire Resources America announced an updated Pre-Feasibility Study for its Johnny Lee Deposit, reporting a Probable Mineral Reserve of 9.5 Mt at 2.9% Cu for 270,000 tonnes of contained copper, an increase from previous estimates. The company also released an updated Mineral Resource for the Lowry Deposit, which now includes Measured and Indicated categories totaling 6.6 Mt at 2.4% Cu for 154,000 tonnes of contained copper. The PFS outlines an 8-year mine life for Johnny Lee with positive economics, while metallurgical test work confirms high copper recoveries for both deposits.

Reasoning: Sandfire Resources America announced an updated Pre-Feasibility Study for the Johnny Lee Deposit, showing a material increase in Probable Mineral Reserves with higher grade and contained copper. Concurrently, a new Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource was defined for the Lowry Deposit, significantly de-risking it from a previous Inferred-only status. Metallurgical test work indicates strong copper recoveries, although arsenic is noted in the JL UCZ concentrate. The PFS outlines positive project economics, reinforcing the project's viability.

Positive factors

  • Significant increase in Johnny Lee Probable Mineral Reserves (tonnage, grade, and contained copper)
  • Maiden Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource for the Lowry Deposit, adding future growth potential
  • Strong metallurgical recoveries for both Johnny Lee and Lowry deposits
  • Positive Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) economics for Johnny Lee
  • NI 43-101 compliant estimates with QP sign-off

Negative factors

  • Presence of arsenic in Johnny Lee Upper Copper Zone (JL UCZ) concentrate, requiring management
  • Lowry Deposit is not yet permitted and not included in the current PFS economics

Low confidence — this extraction should be reviewed alongside the original source.

Facts used in scoring: 36

Classification and evidence

Probable Reservepositive

Indicated Resource with demonstrated economic viability after applying modifying factors.

Why it applies: The document reports a Probable Mineral Reserve for the Johnny Lee Deposit of 9.5Mt at 2.9% Cu for 270,000t of copper.

Evidence · text

“Probable Mineral Reserve for the Johnny Lee Deposit of 9.5Mt at 2.9% Cu for 270,000t of copper”

Category Upgradepositive

Resource confidence improved — Inferred upgraded to Indicated, or Indicated to Measured. De-risking signal.

Why it applies: The 2025 Lowry Deposit Mineral Resource estimate contains Measured and Indicated mineral resources of 6.6 Mt at 2.4% Cu (150 kt), compared to the 2020 estimate which reported only Inferred mineral resource.

Evidence · text

“The 2025 mineral resource updated for Lowry Deposit includes an upgrade in confidence compared with the 2020 Lowry Deposit Mineral Resource estimate which reported only Inferred mineral resource.”

Tonnage Growthpositive

Tonnage increase reaching the strong tier vs prior estimate, with grade maintained or improved.

Why it applies: The Johnny Lee Probable Mineral Reserve increased from 8.8Mt in 2020 to 9.5 million tonnes in 2025. The Johnny Lee Deposit Measured and Indicated resource has grown from 10.6 Mt in 2019 to 18.9 Mt in 2025.

Evidence · text

“Using a Net Smelter Return cut off value of US$110/t, the Probable Mineral Reserves have increased from 8.8Mt at 2.6% Cu for 230,000 tonnes of contained copper in 2020 to 9.5 million tonnes at 2.9% copper for 270,000 tonnes of contained copper for the 2025 PFS”

Grade Improvementpositive

Average resource grade improved vs prior estimate — better deposit economics.

Why it applies: The Johnny Lee Probable Mineral Reserve grade increased from 2.6% Cu in 2020 to 2.9% Cu in 2025.

Evidence · text

“Probable Mineral Reserves have increased from 8.8Mt at 2.6% Cu for 230,000 tonnes of contained copper in 2020 to 9.5 million tonnes at 2.9% copper for 270,000 tonnes of contained copper”

Contained Metal Growthpositive

True scale improvement — contained metal ounces/tonnes increased vs prior, accounting for both tonnage and grade changes.

Why it applies: The Johnny Lee Probable Mineral Reserve contained copper increased from 230,000 tonnes in 2020 to 270,000 tonnes in 2025. The Johnny Lee Deposit Measured and Indicated resource contained copper grew from 390 kt in 2019 to 460 kt in 2025.

Evidence · text

“Probable Mineral Reserves have increased from 8.8Mt at 2.6% Cu for 230,000 tonnes of contained copper in 2020 to 9.5 million tonnes at 2.9% copper for 270,000 tonnes of contained copper”

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: The Mineral Reserve estimate is signed off by Shane McLeay FAusIMM. The Mineral Resource estimates are signed off by Berkley Tracy, P. Geo (PGO#3024) of SRK Consulting (U.S.), Inc.

Evidence · text

“The Qualified Person for the Mineral Reserve estimate is Shane McLeay FAusIMM.”

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: The Mineral Resource and Reserve estimates are prepared pursuant to National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects.

Evidence · text

“pursuant to National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“ NI 43-101 ”)”

Maiden Resourceneutral

First formal MRE for the project — establishes baseline but typically exploration-stage with high Inferred component. No prior estimate exists, so every change band is not applicable.

Why it applies: The Lowry Deposit now has a Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource, whereas the 2020 estimate reported only Inferred mineral resource.

Evidence · text

“The 2025 Lowry Deposit Mineral Resource estimate contains Measured and Indicated mineral resources of 6.6 Mt at 2.4% Cu (150 kt).”

Resource Updateneutral

Revised estimate for an existing resource — compare to prior to assess progress.

Why it applies: The document announces an updated Mineral Resource for the Lowry Deposit and an updated Mineral Resource for the Johnny Lee Deposit.

Evidence · text

“Updated Mineral Resource for the Lowry Deposit at the Black Butte Copper Project”

PFS-Supportingneutral

Resource estimate prepared to support a Pre-Feasibility Study — requires adequate M&I component.

Why it applies: The resource and reserve estimates are part of an updated Pre-Feasibility Study for the Johnny Lee Deposit.

Evidence · text

“Updated Pre-Feasibility Study for the Johnny Lee Deposit”

High Recoverypositive

Recovery at or above the exceptional band for the commodity and processing route.

Why it applies: The JL LCZ achieved 95% copper recovery, LOM copper recovery is 86%, LMCZ achieved 91% recovery, and LLCZ achieved 94% recovery, all strong for copper flotation.

Evidence · text

“A discounted copper recovery of 95% (accounting for ideal laboratory conditions) was applied to mining blocks in the JL LCZ.”

Multi-Domain Testedpositive

Variability across ore domains (oxide, transition, fresh) has been addressed.

Why it applies: Metallurgical test work was conducted on both JL UCZ and JL LCZ composites, and separate composites for Lowry LMCZ and LLCZ.

Evidence · text

“Recent metallurgical test work programs undertaken indicated copper concentrate from the JL LCZ by froth flotation recovered 94% to 98%”

Deleterious Elements Presentnegative · Story-specific tag

A source-stated penalty, refractory or recovery concern in the fact's scope. Element detection alone, including measured elements explicitly below penalty thresholds, does not trigger this tag. Respect negation and retain a separately stated concern even when another risk is explicitly absent.

Why it applies: Analyses of the copper concentrates from variability testing of the JL UCZ composites have reported potentially deleterious levels of arsenic, forecast to range between 1,900 to 7,520 ppm.

Evidence · text

“Analyses of the copper concentrates from variability testing of the JL UCZ composites have reported potentially deleterious levels of arsenic.”

Mill Routeneutral

Processing via mill or concentrator (CIL, CIP, tank leach, flotation).

Why it applies: the document describes a flotation route ("flotation")

Single Domain Onlynegative

Testing limited to one composite or domain — representativeness not established.

Why it applies: only one composite was tested

Extracted facts

Stored fact records: 36. Some facts used in scoring do not have a stored record.

Resource Estimates (35)

probableBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 9500000Grade: 2.9Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 270000Contained Unit: tView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
reserve
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Shane McLeay
Resource group id
resource:972db961413db44ea88e
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
probable
Tonnes
9500000
Grade
2.9
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
270000
Contained Unit
t
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-14
Prior Tonnes
8800000
Prior Grade
2.6
Prior Contained Metal
230000

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The Probable Mineral Reserve for the Johnny Lee Deposit has increased to 9.5 Mt at 2.9% Cu for 270,000 tonnes of contained copper, representing a material improvement in project scale and economics compared to the 2020 estimate.

Positive factors

  • Significant increase in tonnage, grade, and contained metal compared to previous estimate
  • High-grade copper reserve
  • Supports an 8-year mine life

Evidence · table

“2.9%”

Context: 9,500,000

Tags used in scoring

Probable Reservepositive

Indicated Resource with demonstrated economic viability after applying modifying factors.

Why it applies: category is "probable"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

Grade Improvementpositive

Average resource grade improved vs prior estimate — better deposit economics.

Why it applies: 2.9 against 2.6 previously

Contained Metal Growthpositive

True scale improvement — contained metal ounces/tonnes increased vs prior, accounting for both tonnage and grade changes.

Why it applies: 270000 against 230000 previously

probableBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 6700000Grade: 2.2Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 140000Contained Unit: tView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
reserve
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Shane McLeay
Resource group id
resource:6d876a67f90a990e16c1
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit JL UCZ Total
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
probable
Tonnes
6700000
Grade
2.2
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
140000
Contained Unit
t
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-14

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The JL UCZ contributes 6.7 Mt at 2.2% Cu to the overall Johnny Lee Probable Reserve, providing a substantial portion of the project's copper inventory.

Positive factors

  • Significant copper reserve in the upper zone
  • Contributes to overall project economics

Evidence · table

“2.2 %”

Context: 6,700,000

Tags used in scoring

Probable Reservepositive

Indicated Resource with demonstrated economic viability after applying modifying factors.

Why it applies: category is "probable"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

probableBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 2800000Grade: 4.6Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 130000Contained Unit: tView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
reserve
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Shane McLeay
Resource group id
resource:307d5f96b58b41cd8bc5
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit JL LCZ Total
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
probable
Tonnes
2800000
Grade
4.6
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
130000
Contained Unit
t
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-14

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The JL LCZ Probable Reserve of 2.8 Mt at 4.6% Cu is exceptionally high-grade and contributes significantly to the overall contained copper, being a key driver for the increased project reserves.

Positive factors

  • Very high-grade copper reserve in the lower zone
  • Significant contribution to contained copper metal
  • Underpins the overall reserve increase

Evidence · table

“4.6 %”

Context: 2,800,000

Tags used in scoring

Probable Reservepositive

Indicated Resource with demonstrated economic viability after applying modifying factors.

Why it applies: category is "probable"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

measuredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 2300000Grade: 2Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 46000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:6b5bc23bbd00ced57c36
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit JL UCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
2300000
Grade
2
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
46000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
45
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The JL UCZ Measured Resource of 2.3 Mt at 2.0% Cu provides a high-confidence base for future mine planning and contributes to the overall resource base.

Positive factors

  • High confidence Measured resource
  • Good copper grade

Evidence · table

“2.0”

Context: 2.3

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

indicatedBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 13800000Grade: 1.9Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 261000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:63ffcd35e02a0d313e20
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit JL UCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
13800000
Grade
1.9
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
261000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
45
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The JL UCZ Indicated Resource of 13.8 Mt at 1.9% Cu is a substantial component of the Johnny Lee M&I resource, providing confidence in the continuity of mineralization.

Positive factors

  • Large Indicated resource tonnage
  • Good copper grade
  • Forms a significant part of the M&I resource

Evidence · table

“1.9”

Context: 13.8

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

measuredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 500000Grade: 6.5Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 34000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:d3de1035c72a1aba5896
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit JL LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
500000
Grade
6.5
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
34000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
45
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The JL LCZ Measured Resource of 0.5 Mt at 6.5% Cu represents a very high-grade, high-confidence portion of the resource, significantly enhancing project value.

Positive factors

  • Exceptionally high-grade Measured resource
  • High confidence in a very valuable zone

Evidence · table

“6.5”

Context: 0.5

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

indicatedBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 2300000Grade: 5.1Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 121000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:275701f0b525bda50781
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit JL LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
2300000
Grade
5.1
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
121000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
45
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The JL LCZ Indicated Resource of 2.3 Mt at 5.1% Cu is a substantial high-grade component, contributing significantly to the overall contained copper and project economics.

Positive factors

  • Very high-grade Indicated resource
  • Significant contained copper metal

Evidence · table

“5.1”

Context: 2.3

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

measuredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 2800000Grade: 2.8Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 80000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:338c41108213f133c28f
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit Combined JL UCZ + JL LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
2800000
Grade
2.8
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
80000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
45
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The combined Measured Resource for Johnny Lee totals 2.8 Mt at 2.8% Cu, providing a strong, high-confidence foundation for the project.

Positive factors

  • Combined high-confidence Measured resource
  • Good overall grade

Evidence · table

“2.8”

Context: 2.8

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

indicatedBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 16100000Grade: 2.4Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 382000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:bff5c10d0b55dea37cfd
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit Combined JL UCZ + JL LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
16100000
Grade
2.4
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
382000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
45
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05
Prior Tonnes
10600000
Prior Grade
2.9
Prior Contained Metal
390000

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The combined Indicated Resource for Johnny Lee totals 16.1 Mt at 2.4% Cu, showing significant tonnage growth from the previous estimate, which contributes to a larger overall M&I resource despite a slight grade dilution.

Positive factors

  • Significant increase in tonnage for Indicated resource
  • Large contained copper metal
  • Overall M&I tonnage growth

Negative factors

  • Slight decrease in average grade compared to prior M&I estimate

Evidence · table

“2.4”

Context: 16.1

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

Tonnage Growthpositive

Tonnage increase reaching the strong tier vs prior estimate, with grade maintained or improved.

Why it applies: 16100000 against 10600000 previously

Grade Declinenegative

Average grade fell below the red-flag bound vs prior estimate — deposit economics worsening. May indicate high-grading in early drilling.

Why it applies: 2.4 against 2.9 previously

Contained Metal Declinenegative

Contained metal decreased vs prior despite tonnage growth — grade dilution exceeds volume gain.

Why it applies: 382000 against 390000 previously

Dilutive Growthnegative

Tonnage increased but contained metal flat or down — likely from lower cut-off grade, not geological expansion.

Why it applies: tonnage rose while contained metal went 382000 from 390000

inferredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 2600000Grade: 1.5Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 38000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:5d4057a29dc595d48507
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit JL UCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
inferred
Tonnes
2600000
Grade
1.5
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
38000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
45
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The JL UCZ Inferred Resource of 2.6 Mt at 1.5% Cu provides additional exploration upside and contributes to the total resource base, though with lower geological confidence.

Positive factors

  • Adds to overall resource potential

Negative factors

  • Lower confidence category

Evidence · table

“1.5”

Context: 2.6

Tags used in scoring

Inferred Resourcenegative

Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone.

Why it applies: category is "inferred"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

inferredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 800000Grade: 3.2Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 26000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:f1cb7917b5b1c8f8e47f
Deposit or zone
Johnny Lee Deposit JL LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
inferred
Tonnes
800000
Grade
3.2
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
26000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
45
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The JL LCZ Inferred Resource of 0.8 Mt at 3.2% Cu is a high-grade component that adds to the overall resource potential, indicating further upside with additional drilling.

Positive factors

  • High-grade Inferred resource
  • Adds to overall resource potential

Negative factors

  • Lower confidence category

Evidence · table

“3.2”

Context: 0.8

Tags used in scoring

Inferred Resourcenegative

Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone.

Why it applies: category is "inferred"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

measuredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 1200000Grade: 2.6Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 30000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:5a620dcfb2017dca4514
Deposit or zone
Lowry Deposit Lowry MCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
1200000
Grade
2.6
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
30000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The Lowry MCZ Measured Resource of 1.2 Mt at 2.6% Cu is a significant de-risking event for the Lowry deposit, establishing a high-confidence resource base.

Positive factors

  • Maiden Measured resource for Lowry
  • High confidence and good grade
  • De-risks the Lowry deposit

Evidence · table

“2.6”

Context: 1.2

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

indicatedBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 3600000Grade: 2.4Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 86000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:828104d47d62cdf5a10f
Deposit or zone
Lowry Deposit Lowry MCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
3600000
Grade
2.4
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
86000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The Lowry MCZ Indicated Resource of 3.6 Mt at 2.4% Cu provides a substantial new resource base for the Lowry deposit, significantly enhancing its future development potential.

Positive factors

  • Maiden Indicated resource for Lowry
  • Significant tonnage and good grade
  • Adds substantial future growth potential

Evidence · table

“2.4”

Context: 3.6

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

measuredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 100000Grade: 1.8Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 1000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:52728b6facd4744ad922
Deposit or zone
Lowry Deposit Lowry LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
100000
Grade
1.8
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
1000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The Lowry LCZ Measured Resource of 0.1 Mt at 1.8% Cu, while small, contributes to the overall confidence and de-risking of the Lowry deposit.

Positive factors

  • Maiden Measured resource for Lowry LCZ
  • Adds to overall resource confidence

Evidence · table

“1.8”

Context: 0.1

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

indicatedBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 1700000Grade: 2.2Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 37000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:cb95f68e35f2ab9b9f97
Deposit or zone
Lowry Deposit Lowry LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
1700000
Grade
2.2
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
37000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The Lowry LCZ Indicated Resource of 1.7 Mt at 2.2% Cu further expands the M&I resource base for the Lowry deposit, enhancing its overall potential.

Positive factors

  • Maiden Indicated resource for Lowry LCZ
  • Adds significant tonnage to Lowry M&I

Evidence · table

“2.2”

Context: 1.7

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

measuredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 1200000Grade: 2.5Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 31000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:f9832137425b03dead5a
Deposit or zone
Lowry Deposit Combined Lowry UCZ + MCZ + LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
1200000
Grade
2.5
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
31000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The combined Measured Resource for Lowry totals 1.2 Mt at 2.5% Cu, establishing a high-confidence portion of this newly defined resource.

Positive factors

  • Combined Measured resource for Lowry
  • High confidence in a new resource

Evidence · table

“2.5”

Context: 1.2

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

indicatedBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 5300000Grade: 2.3Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 123000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:383c30510c3046f438f9
Deposit or zone
Lowry Deposit Combined Lowry UCZ + MCZ + LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
5300000
Grade
2.3
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
123000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The combined Indicated Resource for Lowry totals 5.3 Mt at 2.3% Cu, representing a significant new resource base that adds substantial future growth potential to the Black Butte Copper Project.

Positive factors

  • Combined Indicated resource for Lowry
  • Significant tonnage and contained metal
  • Adds substantial future growth potential

Evidence · table

“2.3”

Context: 5.3

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

inferredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 1300000Grade: 2.3Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 30000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:a0f1316f333ad372f998
Deposit or zone
Lowry Deposit Lowry UCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
inferred
Tonnes
1300000
Grade
2.3
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
30000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The Lowry UCZ Inferred Resource of 1.3 Mt at 2.3% Cu adds to the overall resource potential of the Lowry deposit, providing exploration upside.

Positive factors

  • Adds to overall resource potential for Lowry

Negative factors

  • Lower confidence category

Evidence · table

“2.3”

Context: 1.3

Tags used in scoring

Inferred Resourcenegative

Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone.

Why it applies: category is "inferred"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

inferredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 900000Grade: 2.1Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 18000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:ebbaedbc7363d5746ef7
Deposit or zone
Lowry Deposit Lowry MCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
inferred
Tonnes
900000
Grade
2.1
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
18000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The Lowry MCZ Inferred Resource of 0.9 Mt at 2.1% Cu contributes to the overall resource potential of the Lowry deposit, indicating further upside.

Positive factors

  • Adds to overall resource potential for Lowry

Negative factors

  • Lower confidence category

Evidence · table

“2.1”

Context: 0.9

Tags used in scoring

Inferred Resourcenegative

Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone.

Why it applies: category is "inferred"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

inferredBlack Butte Copper Project · copperTonnes: 600000Grade: 1.7Grade Unit: %Contained Metal: 10000Contained Unit: ktView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
QP Signed
Yes
Qualified person names
Berkley Tracy
Resource group id
resource:de90bbe30a54c4678a3e
Deposit or zone
Lowry Deposit Lowry LCZ
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
inferred
Tonnes
600000
Grade
1.7
Grade Unit
%
Contained Metal
10000
Contained Unit
kt
Cutoff Grade
110
Cutoff Unit
US$/t NSR

Prior Estimate

Resource Date
2025-11-05

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The Lowry LCZ Inferred Resource of 0.6 Mt at 1.7% Cu contributes to the overall resource potential of the Lowry deposit, providing additional exploration targets.

Positive factors

  • Adds to overall resource potential for Lowry

Negative factors

  • Lower confidence category

Evidence · table

“1.7”

Context: 0.6

Tags used in scoring

Inferred Resourcenegative

Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone.

Why it applies: category is "inferred"

Cut-off Disclosedpositive

Cut-off grade used for resource reporting is clearly stated, enabling like-for-like comparison.

Why it applies: cutoff_grade is stated

QP/CP Signedpositive

Qualified Person (QP) or Competent Person (CP) named and signed off — a member of a recognized professional association (e.g., AusIMM, SME, AIG, P.Geo) with relevant experience.

Why it applies: qp_signed is true

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

measuredJohnny Lee · copperTonnes: 2300000Grade: 2Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Johnny Lee
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:76c07cdfe25d688325d8
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
2300000
Grade
2
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.0”

Context: 2.3

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

indicatedJohnny Lee · copperTonnes: 13800000Grade: 1.9Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Johnny Lee
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:455d7524c793900f9e1b
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
13800000
Grade
1.9
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“1.9”

Context: 13.8

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

measuredJohnny Lee · copperTonnes: 500000Grade: 6.5Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Johnny Lee
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:9802e6abb8f8d6313fcd
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
500000
Grade
6.5
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“6.5”

Context: 0.5

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

indicatedJohnny Lee · copperTonnes: 2300000Grade: 5.1Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Johnny Lee
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:e3eff73caaada5b84b1a
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
2300000
Grade
5.1
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“5.1”

Context: 2.3

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

measuredJohnny Lee · copperTonnes: 2800000Grade: 2.8Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Johnny Lee
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:0e07988af5ac0ddaec39
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
2800000
Grade
2.8
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.8”

Context: 2.8

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

indicatedJohnny Lee · copperTonnes: 16100000Grade: 2.4Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Johnny Lee
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:936b52c800c9e20dec56
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
16100000
Grade
2.4
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.4”

Context: 16.1

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

inferredJohnny Lee · copperTonnes: 18900000Grade: 2.4Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Johnny Lee
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:10150394135a7d876a9a
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
inferred
Tonnes
18900000
Grade
2.4
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.4”

Context: 18.9

Tags used in scoring

Inferred Resourcenegative

Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone.

Why it applies: category is "inferred"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

inferredJohnny Lee · copperTonnes: 3400000Grade: 1.9Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Johnny Lee
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:321aba9e55a9c7a73652
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
inferred
Tonnes
3400000
Grade
1.9
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“1.9”

Context: 3.4

Tags used in scoring

Inferred Resourcenegative

Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone.

Why it applies: category is "inferred"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

measuredLowry · copperTonnes: 1200000Grade: 2.5Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Lowry
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:85b0063cf027ca9e38cb
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
1200000
Grade
2.5
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.5”

Context: 1.2

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

indicatedLowry · copperTonnes: 3600000Grade: 2.4Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Lowry
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:0cd45c723405cb608b3b
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
3600000
Grade
2.4
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.4”

Context: 3.6

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

measuredLowry · copperTonnes: 100000Grade: 1.8Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Lowry
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:7ad71585316e59f539ec
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
measured
Tonnes
100000
Grade
1.8
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“1.8”

Context: 0.1

Tags used in scoring

Measured Resourcepositive

Highest confidence category — tonnage, grade, shape well-established from closely-spaced drilling. Basis for Proven Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "measured"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

indicatedLowry · copperTonnes: 1700000Grade: 2.2Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Lowry
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:f7c26a9c28195a6f1745
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
1700000
Grade
2.2
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.2”

Context: 1.7

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

indicatedLowry · copperTonnes: 5300000Grade: 2.3Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Lowry
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:232769c54ffdf44009ab
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
5300000
Grade
2.3
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.3”

Context: 5.3

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

indicatedLowry · copperTonnes: 6600000Grade: 2.4Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Lowry
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:0047e342b42c094bce21
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
indicated
Tonnes
6600000
Grade
2.4
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.4”

Context: 6.6

Tags used in scoring

Indicated Resourcepositive

Reasonable geological confidence based on adequate drilling; continuity can be assumed. Basis for Probable Reserves.

Why it applies: category is "indicated"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

inferredLowry · copperTonnes: 2800000Grade: 2.1Grade Unit: %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Lowry
Commodity
copper
Ticker
SFR

Resource scope

Estimate type
resource
Reporting standards
ni_43_101
Resource group id
resource:b6ba9656cd7398c146d6
Mining method
underground

Resource Data

Category
inferred
Tonnes
2800000
Grade
2.1
Grade Unit
%

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Expanded from multi-commodity resource table for completeness.

Negative factors

  • Fact expanded from resource table columns (model omitted this commodity).

Evidence · table

“2.1”

Context: 2.8

Tags used in scoring

Inferred Resourcenegative

Speculative category — limited drilling, geological continuity assumed but not confirmed. Cannot support economic studies alone.

Why it applies: category is "inferred"

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

NI 43-101 Compliantpositive

Resource estimate prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 (Canada) — high reporting standard.

Why it applies: reporting_standards includes ni_43_101

No Contained Metalnegative

Tonnage and grade reported but contained metal not calculated or disclosed — incomplete reporting.

Why it applies: contained_metal was not reported

Metallurgical Results (1)

flotationBlack Butte Copper Project · copperRecovery: 94 %View all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Black Butte Copper Project
Commodity
copper
Region
usa_mt
Reported Region
Montana, USA
Ticker
SFR

Test Work

Program Status
detailed
Test Type
flotation
Processing Route
flotation
Sample
Lowry Lower Copper Zone (LLCZ)

Recovery

Recovery
94 %
Recovery Basis
actual_test

Lab

Laboratory
Base Metal Labs
Consultant
Deepak Malhotra

Review

Needs Review
No
Historical
No

Dates

Event date
2025-12-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: The LLCZ composite sample achieved a very high copper recovery of 94%, further enhancing the positive metallurgical profile of the Lowry deposit.

Positive factors

  • Very high copper recovery
  • Supports economic viability of the Lowry deposit

Evidence · text

“with the LLCZ yielding a 94% recovery.”

Tags used in scoring

Mill Routeneutral

Processing via mill or concentrator (CIL, CIP, tank leach, flotation).

Why it applies: processing_route matches the flotation signal

High Recoverypositive

Recovery at or above the exceptional band for the commodity and processing route.

Why it applies: 94% is at or above the exceptional band (92%)

How Atlas produces this analysis

Minestarters Atlas uses automated extraction to summarize mining announcements, identify reported measurements, and classify supporting evidence. Sentiment reflects the extracted narrative and classification rules; it is an interpretation, not a reported measurement. Evidence quotes and context are provided where available. Missing data, low-confidence results, and review flags indicate limitations. Check the original publisher announcement before relying on an interpretation.